Biology - Online Test
The term DNA fingerprinting - or genetic fingerprinting - is applied to the scientific process whereby samples of DNA are collected, collated and used to match other samples of DNA, which may have been found at the scene of a crime.
DNA fingerprinting works on the basis that each individual's DNA structure - or genetic make-up - is unique and therefore cannot be forged, faked or altered in any way.
One of the most common DNA fingerprinting procedures is RFLP: Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism. Special enzymes are used to cut segments of a sample from which DNA is extracted. The procedure of RFLP focuses on repetitious sequences of DNA 'bases' which vary greatly from individual to individual.
Assertion: Genetic map up of an organism or individual lies in the DNA sequence.
Reason: If two individual differs, then their DNA sequence should also be different.
