The number of water molecules from the gaseous state into the liquid state also increases till the equilibrium is attained.
i.e.rate of evaporation = rate of condensation
H2O(l) ⇌ H2O (vap)
At equilibrium the pressure exerted by the water molecules at a given temperature remains constant and is called the equilibrium vapour pressure of water increases with temperature.
The number of chain isomers of are
n-pentane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3
2-Methylbutane CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH3
2,2-Dimethylpropane CH3CH(CH3)2CH3
On placing a strip of mettallic zinc in an aqueous solution of copper nitrate for about one hour, the copper nitrate solution turns green in colour and zinc strip turns darker.
Formula and Ionic equation for the reaction is as follows.
Formula Equation: | Zn (s) + Cu(NO3)2 (aq) → Cu (s) + Zn(NO3)2 (aq) |
Ionic Equation: | Zn (s) + Cu2+ (aq) → Zn2+ (aq) + Cu (s) |
As is seen in ionic equation Zn is loosing 2 electrons, thus oxidation occurs and Cu is gaining 2 electrons, thus reduction occurs. Since oxidation and reduction takes place simultaneously in this reaction, it is a redox reaction. Also since Zn is loosing electrons and becoming darker in colour, it is the reducing agent and Cu is gaining 2 electrons, it is the reducing agent. The resultant solution Zinc nitrate [Zn(NO3)2] is green in colour.
Rutherford's model of an atom : Ernest Rutherford was interested in knowing how the electrons are arranged within an atom. Rutherford designed an experiment for this. In this experiment, fast moving alpha (α)-particles were made to fall on a thin gold foil.
On the basis of his experiment, Rutherford put forward the model of an atom, which had the following features: