Evolution - Online Test
Q1. Which of the following is a source of variation in a population?
Answer : Option D
Explaination / Solution:
The source of variation includes the mutation, crossing over during cell division and inherited genetic traits may also change due to mutation to create variation.
Q2. Phenomenon of “Industrial melanism” demonstrates
Answer : Option C
Explaination / Solution:
The organism surviving in industrial area having polluted soil, air and water undergo changes in skin colour and other traits to adjust in given surroundings. This is a type of natural selection.
Q3. In nature, the process by which different organisms evolve similar traits is called
Answer : Option C
Explaination / Solution:
convergent evolution is the process whereby organisms not closely related (not monophyletic), independently evolve similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches.
Analogous organs are example of convergent evolution.
Q4. In the case of peppered moth (Bistonbetularia) the black-coloured form became dominant over the light-coloured form in England during industrial revolution. This is an example of
Answer : Option C
Explaination / Solution:
In England, the places where industrialization is more, peppered moth which was originally white coloured have become dark coloured as dominant due inheritance of darker color character acquired due to the darker environment.
Q5. Links between organisms that show branching pattern of evolutionary relationships are shown by
Answer : Option B
Explaination / Solution:
Phylogenetic trees shows links between organisms that show branching pattern of evolutionary relationship. In this pattern, the organism that evolves earlier is shown below and further sub branching represent newly evolved organisms.
Q6. Which of the following is not a factor that affects Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Answer : Option B
Explaination / Solution:
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium cannot be disturbed by vegetative propagation as the all new offspring are clone of each other having same gene. Migration, genetic drift, mutation and natural selection affect the equilibrium of alleles in a population.
Q7. Founder effect is the
Answer : Option C
Explaination / Solution:
The founder effect is the loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population.
Sometimes the change in frequency is so different in the new sample of population that they become a different species. The original drifted population becomes founders.
Q8. Which of the following are difficult to explain in terms of natural selection?
Answer : Option A
Explaination / Solution:
All the traits that appear due to natural selection do not have adaptive value. This concept is although true but cannot be explained in terms of natural selection.
Q9. The process in which heritable variations enabling better survival are enabled to reproduce and leave greater number of progeny is called
Answer : Option B
Explaination / Solution:
Natural selection is the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. The theory of its action was first fully expounded by Charles Darwin, and it is now regarded as be the main process that brings about evolution.
Q10.
Assertion- Evolution is a continuous process that takes millions of years for speciation.
Reason- During evolution small variation accumulates guided by natural selection that leads to speciation.
Answer : Option D
Explaination / Solution:
Evolution is a slow and continuous process that takes long time to form a new species. Variation due to mutation, genetic drift, geographical isolation leads to speciation.
