Biodiversity and Conservation - Online Test

Answer : Option B
Explaination / Solution:

Explanation:

• Madhav National Park is situated in Shivpuri District of Gwalior region in northwest Madhya Pradesh, India. It was named after Madho Rao Scindia, the Maharaja of Gwalior belonging to the Scindia dynasty of the Marathas.
• Hazaribagh National Park, located 19 km from Hazaribagh, Jharkhand, India and about 135 km from Ranchi is a national park and also a wildlife sanctuary. The park has tigers, panthers, sambhars, spotted deer, bisons and a number of mammalian faunas.
• Simlipal National Park is a national park and a tiger reserve in the Mayurbhanj district in the Indian state of Odisha.
• Nokrek National Park, or Nokrek Biosphere Reserve, is a national park located approximately 2 km from Tura Peak in West Garo Hills district of Meghalaya, India. UNESCO added this National park to its list of Biosphere Reserves in May 2009.

Answer : Option D
Explaination / Solution:

Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute (TBGRI) is an autonomous institute established by the Government of Kerala in 1979 at Thiruvanantapuram, Kerala.

The institute conducts research in Conservation Biology, Biotechnology, Plant Taxonomy, Microbiology, Phytopharmocology, Ethnomedicine and Ethopharmacology for plant improvement and utilisation.

TBGRI also undertakes research on medicinal plants, ornamental plants and various introduced plants of economic or aesthetic value. The institute conserves the largest number of plant species among the botanical gardens in Asia

Answer : Option D
Explaination / Solution:

The Dihang-Dibang Biosphere Reserve is situated in the districts of West Siang, Upper Siang and Dibang valley of Arunachel Pradesh in eastern Himalayan range. This reserve is almost totally forested, having villages and cultivated lands located on lower slopes and terrace edging the major river systems. The reserve is the last stronghold for many Himalayan species.

Answer : Option A
Explaination / Solution:

Project Elephant (PE) was launched by the Government of India in the year 1992 as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme with following objectives:

• To protect elephants, their habitat & corridors
• To address issues of man-animal conflict
• Welfare of captive elephants

Answer : Option B
Explaination / Solution:

< The Government of India has been implementing the National Wetlands Conservation Programme (NWCP) in close collaboration with the State/UT Governments since the year 1985-86. Under the programme, 115 wetlands have been identified till now by the Ministry which require urgent conservation and management interventions. The objective of this programme is the conservation of wetlands in the country so as to prevent their further degradation and ensuring their wise use for the benefit of local communities and overall conservation of biodiversity

Answer : Option D
Explaination / Solution:

Dachigam National Park is located 22 kilometers from Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir. It covers an area of 141 km. The name of the park literally stands for "ten villages" which could be in memory of the ten villages that were relocated for its formation. The main animal species that Dachigam is known for is the hangul, or the Kashmir stag.

Answer : Option C
Explaination / Solution:

• In 1986, a group of 21 islets lying off the Tamil Nadu coast between Thoothukudi and Dhanushkodi was declared the Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park. The park and its 10 km buffer zone were declared a Biosphere Reserve in 1989.
• Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve is a biosphere reserve located in the western Himalayas region, within Himachal Pradesh state in North India.
• The Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve was Established in 2001 and includes 3,500.36 km² of which 1828 km² is in Kerala and 1672.36 km² is in Tamil Nadu.
• The Nanda Devi National Park, established in 1982, is a national park situated around the peak of Nanda Devi in the state of Uttarakhand in northern India.

Answer : Option B
Explaination / Solution:

• Alexander Von Humboldt has observed that within a region, species richness gets increased when explored area is increased, but only up to a limit.
• The relationship between species richness and area for a number of taxa like angiospermic plants, fresh water fishes and birds is found to be a rectangular hyperbola.

The equation is described by –

log S = log C + Z log A

S – Species Richness

Z – Slope of the line (regression coefficient)

A – Area

C – y-intercept

Answer : Option A
Explaination / Solution:

A gene sanctuary is an area where plants are conserved. It includes both biosphere reserves as well as national parks. India has set up its first gene sanctuary in the Tura range of Meghalaya for wild relatives of citrus. Efforts are also being made to set up gene sanctuaries for banana, sugarcane, rice and mango.

Answer : Option C
Explaination / Solution:

Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation, country or other defined zone, or habitat type. Notable endemics are the Nilgiri leaf monkey and the brown and carmine Beddome's toad of the Western Ghats.