Logical Reasoning and Analytical Ability - Online Test

UPSC Civil services Entrance exams General Studies test Logical Reasoning and Analytical Ability TEST : 9

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Q1. In the adjoining figure, if the centres of all the circles are joined by horizontal and vertical lines, then find the number of squares that can be formed.

A. 6

B. 7

C. 8

D. 1

Answer : Option C
Explaination / Solution:

The figure may be labelled as shown.

We shall join the centres of all the circles by horizontal and vertical lines and then label the resulting figure as shown.

The simplest squares are ABED, BCFE, DEHG, EFIH, GHKJ and HILK i.e. 6 in number.

The squares composed of four simple squares are ACIG and DFLJ i.e. 2 in number.

Thus, 6 + 2 = 8 squares will be formed.

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Q2. Directions: Below in each question are given two statements (A) and (B). These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the affect of the other statement Read both the statements and then decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.

(A) There has been mass recruitment of IT professionals by Indian IT companies.
(B) Many developed countries are increasingly outsourcing IT related functions to India and China.

A. if statement (A) is the cause and statement (B) is its effect.

B. if both statements (A) and (B) are independent causes.

C. if statement (B) is the cause and statement (A) is its effect.

D. if both statements (A) and (B) are effects of independent causes

E. ii both statements (A) and (B) are effects of some common causes.

Answer : Option C
Explaination / Solution:

Statement (B) is the cause and (A) is its effect, because many developed countries are increasingly outsourcing IT related functions to India and as a result India IT companies have been recruiting huge of professionals.

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Q3.

Count the number of triangles and squares in the given figure.

A. 21 triangles, 7 squares

B. 18 triangles, 8 squares

C. 22 triangles, 7 squares

D. 20 triangles, 8 squares

Answer : Option A
Explaination / Solution:

The figure may be labelled as shown.

Triangles :

The simplest triangles are BPN, PNE, ABM, EFG, MLK, GHI, QRO, RSO, STO and QTO i.e. 10 in number.

The triangles composed of two components each are BPE, TQR, QRS, RST and STQ i.e. 5 in number.

The triangles composed of three components each are MPO and GPO i.e. 2 in number.

The triangles composed of six components each are LPJ, HPJ and MPG i.e. 3 in number.

There is only one triangle LPH composed of twelve components.

Total number of triangles in the figure = 10 + 5 - 2 + 3 + 1 = 21.

Squares :

The squares composed of two components each are KJOM and JIGQ i.e. 2 in number.

The squares composed of three components each are ANOM, NFGO and CDEB i.e.3 in number.

There is only one square i.e. QRST composed of four components.

There is only one square i.e. AFIK composed of ten components.

Total number of squares in the figure = 2 + 3 + 1 + 1 = 7.

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Q4. In each question below are given a statement followed by two “Expectations” numbered I and II. An expectation is something which can either be an objective or prospect or desired outcome or hope behind the action/Statement. You have to consider the statement and the following expectations and decide which of the expectation the statement is:

Statement: A promotional campaign - For healthy children encourage them to play in the playgrounds rather than video games at home.
Expectation :
I. Health of at least some children would improve following this campaign.
II. Most of the parents would not buy video games for their children after this promotional campaign.

A. if statement A is the cause and statement B is its effect

B. if both the statements A and B are independent causes

C. if both the statements A and B are effects of independent causes

D. if statement B is the cause and statement A is its effect

E. if both the statements A and B are effects of some common causes

Answer : Option D
Explaination / Solution:

The expectation of the campaign is to create awareness.

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Q5.

Count the number of squares in the given figure.

A. 11

B. 21

C. 24

D. 26

Answer : Option C
Explaination / Solution:

The figure may be labelled as shown.

The squares composed of two components each are BNQM, CORN, DPSO, MQTL, NRUQ, OSVR, PFWS, QUJT, RVIU and SWHV i.e. 10 in number.

The squares composed of four components each are ABQL, BCRQ, CDSR, DEFS, LQJK, QRIJ, RSHI and SFGH i.e. 8 in number.

The squares composed of eight components each are BRJL, CSIQ and DFHR i.e. 3 in number.

The squares composed of sixteen components each are ACIK, BDHJ and CEGI i.e. 3 in number.

Thus, there are 10 + 8 + 3 + 3 = 24 squares in the figure.

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Q6.

Directions:Questions in the form of inference/conclusions are based on the passages given below. Each passage is followed by five inferences. You are required to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity.

Passage:

Many intellectuals didn’t appreciate the sheer profusion of unsolicited American gifts. Simone de Beauvoir complained about the use in hotels of noisy vacuum cleaners, preferring the humble French broom, and Sartre found his beloved existentialism upstaged by the real choices available to rootless and mobile Americans. However, anti-Americanism proved to be a losing game because so much of American influence was inseparable from the wider world project of modernization.

In a downbeat coda, Conrad concludes that our world has become “so Americanized that we no longer need to venerate the United States”. I am not sure that I wholly agree. To be sure, the past decades have provided many grounds for rejecting the vision of the future supplied by the US, and these days the American constitution looks less admirable than it did when Luce heralded the new century. No shortage of those prepared to say that America’s global sway is at an end can be discerned.

There has been such a widespread promulgation of American culture around the world that there is no more need to look up to the USA. Give answer –

A. if the inference is definitely true, i.e., it properly follows from the statement of facts given.

B. in the inference is probably true though not definitely true in the light of the facts given.

C. if the data are inadequate i.e., from the facts given you cannot say whether the inference is likely to be true or false.

D. if the inference is probably false though not definitely false in the light of the facts given.

E. if the inference is definitely false i.e., it cannot possibly be drawn from the facts given or it contradicts the given facts.

Answer : Option C
Explaination / Solution:

This is an opinion piece and the statement is one person's opinion being reported by the author of the piece. While the given statement might be true, there is no data to support the same

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Q7.

How many triangles and parallelograms are there in the following figure?

A. 21, 17

B. 19, 13

C. 21, 15

D. 19, 17

Answer : Option A
Explaination / Solution:

The figure may be labelled as shown.

Triangles:

The simplest triangles are KJN, KJO, CNB, OEF, JIL, JIM, BLA and MFG i.e. 8 in number.

The triangles composed of two components each are CDJ, EDJ, NKO, JLM, JAH and JGH i.e. 6 in number.

The triangles composed of three components each are BKI, FKI, CJA and EJG i.e. 4 in number.

The triangles composed of four components each are CDE and AJG i.e. 2 in number.

The only triangle composed of six components is BKF.

Thus, there are 8 + 6 + 4 + 2 + 1 = 21 triangles in the given figure.

Parallelograms :

The simplest parallelograms are NJLB and JOFM i.e. 2 in number.

The parallelograms composed of two components each are CDKB, DEFK, BIHA and IFGH i.e.4 in number.

The parallelograms composed of three components each are BKJA, KFGJ, CJIB and JEFI i.e.4 in number.

There is only one parallelogram i.e. BFGA composed of four components.

The parallelograms composed of five components each are CDJA, DEGJ, CJHA and JEGH i.e.4 in number.

The only parallelogram composed of six components is CEFB.

The only parallelogram composed of ten components is CEGA.

Thus, there are 2 + 4 + 4 + 1 + 4+ 1 + 1 = 17 parallelograms in the given figure.

(Here note that the squares and rectangles are also counted amongst the parallelograms).

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Q8.

Passage:

Sartre felt that his ability to exercise power over his own actions was being threatened by the aids to decision making i.e. choices available to whimsical Americans. Give answer –

A. if the inference is definitely true, i.e., it properly follows from the statement of facts given.

B. in the inference is probably true though not definitely true in the light of the facts given.

C. if the data are inadequate i.e., from the facts given you cannot say whether the inference is likely to be true or false.

D. if the inference is probably false though not definitely false in the light of the facts given.

E. if the inference is definitely false i.e., it cannot possibly be drawn from the facts given or it contradicts the given facts.

Answer : Option A
Explaination / Solution:
No Explaination.

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Q9.

Count the number of squares in the given figure.

A. 22

B. 20

C. 18

D. 14

Answer : Option C
Explaination / Solution:

The figure may be labelled as shown.

The squares composed of two components each are BJMI, CKMJ, DLMK and AIML i.e. 4 in number.

The squares composed of three components each are EBMA, BFCM, MCGD and AMDH i.e. 4 in number.

The squares composed of four components each are VWBA, XYCB, ZA₁DC and B₁C₁AD i.e. 4 in number.

The squares composed of seven components each are NOJL, PQKI, RSLJ and TUIK i.e. 4 in number.

There is only one square i.e. ABCD composed of eight components.

There is only one square i.e. EFGH composed of twelve components.

Total number of squares in the figure = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 1 + 1 = 18.

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Q10.

Passage:

Modernization goes hand in hand with Americanization, in various degrees. Give answer –

A. in the inference is probably true though not definitely true in the light of the facts given.

B. if the data are inadequate i.e., from the facts given you cannot say whether the inference is likely to be true or false.

C. if the inference is definitely true, i.e., it properly follows from the statement of facts given.

D. if the inference is probably false though not definitely false in the light of the facts given.

E. if the inference is definitely false i.e., it cannot possibly be drawn from the facts given or it contradicts the given facts.

Answer : Option C
Explaination / Solution:
No Explaination.

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